Ball Construction
Today’s 
soccer balls are a little more complex than past soccer balls. Modern soccer balls consist of twelve regular pentagonal and twenty regular hexagons, positioned in a condensed icosahedrons spherical geometry. The inside of the soccer ball is made up of a latex bladder which enables the soccer ball to be pressurized. The ball’s panel pairs are stitched along the edge; this procedure can either be stitched manually or with a machine
Soccer balls are made with an inner bladder and layers of material covering the bladder.
High quality match balls are stiched together while lower quality practice balls may be molded in one piece.
steps in making a soccer ball from soccerballworld.com:
The first stage is to roll out the material to be used for the outing casing of the ball. The casing is usually made from several layers of synthetic foam-filled leaves (panels), which are glued (laminated) together to produce a tough, smooth exterior.
The leaves are cut into the exact amount needed to make one ball. Then the panels are pre-printed with any brand names and graphics before being cut. All logos would be printed at this point in the process. Printing is typically accomplished by silk-screening onto the cover material. After printing, the material may have another layer of clear urethane (or another proprietary material) applied over the printing for protection.
The number of individual panels required are then cut out, and holes are pre-punched in preparation for stitching. The stitching is performed by turning the ball inside out, so none of the stitches show on the outside. A different type of needle is used to complete the stitching of each panel, which effectively makes the final knot 'disappear'.
The stitched ball is then reversed, the bladder inserted and inflated. One stitcher can usually do four balls in one day.
Then another process begins for those soccer balls seeking either NFHS Authentication, FIFA Approved, FIFA Inspected or International Matchball Standard (IMS) status. That process is the independent laboratory testing required to achieve one of these hallmarks.
Many match balls today are approved by futball or soccer organizations, one of these is FIFA.To get an approval, the ball must go through testing and pass in many areas of quality assurance.
FIFA Approved is a mark of quality for and a soccer ball / football is awarded this mark of quality after it has passed certain tests
- Weight
- Circumference
- Sphericity
- Loss of air pressure
- Water absorption
- Rebound
- Shape and size retention (shooting test)